Nhanganyaya:
Mumusika wepasi rose, matoyi evana haangori manyuko evaraidzo chete asiwo iindasitiri yakakosha inobatanidza tsika nehupfumi. Kune vagadziri vari kutsvaga kuwedzera kusvika kwavo, kutumira kunze kwenyika kuEuropean Union (EU) kunopa mikana yakakura. Nekudaro, rwendo rwekubva kumutsara wekugadzira kuenda kuimba yekutamba uzere nemirairo uye zvinodikanwa zvakagadzirirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, uye kutevedzera mitemo inochengetedza kugara zvakanaka kwevana. Ichi chinyorwa chinoshanda segwara rakazara rinotsanangura zvakakosha zvitupa uye zviyero izvo vatengesi vematoyi vanofanira kusangana kuti vabudirire kupinda mumusika weEurope.
Mitemo Yekuchengetedza uye Zvitupa:
Ibwe repakona remutemo weEurope wematoyi evana kuchengetedzwa. Murairo mukuru unobata kuchengetedzwa kwematoyi muEU yese ndeyeToy Safety Directive, iyo parizvino iri kugadziridzwa kuti ienderane neshanduro yazvino ya2009/48/EC. Pasi pechirairo ichi, matoyi anofanirwa kuomerera kune yakasimba yemuviri, michini, kuramba murazvo, uye makemikari kuchengetedza zviyero. Vatengesi vekunze vanofanirwa kuona kuti zvigadzirwa zvavo zvinotakura mucherechedzo weEC, zvichiratidza kutevedzera mirairo iyi.
Rimwe rematanho akanyanya kuomarara mukuwana CE mucherechedzo rinosanganisira kuenderana ongororo neyakatenderwa Notified Body. Iyi nzira inoda kuyedzwa kwakasimba kunogona kusanganisira:
- Miedzo Yemuviri uye Mechanical: Kuve nechokwadi chekuti matoyi haana njodzi dzakadai semipendero yakapinza, zvidimbu zvidiki zvinoisa njodzi yekudzipwa, uye zvinogona kuita zvine njodzi projectiles.
- Kupisa Miedzo: Toyi dzinofanirwa kusangana nemiyero yekupisa kudzikisa njodzi yekutsva kana moto.
- Chemical Safety Tests: Miganho yakasimba pakushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakaita semutobvu, mamwe maplasticizer, uye masimbi anorema anotevedzwa kuchengetedza hutano hwevana.
Environmental Regulations:
Pamusoro pekuchengetedza, mitemo yezvakatipoteredza inoita basa rinowedzera kukosha muindasitiri yematoyi. EU's Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive inorambidza kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvitanhatu zvine njodzi mumidziyo yemagetsi neyemagetsi, kusanganisira matoyi ane zvikamu zvemagetsi. Zvakare, Kunyoreswa, Kuongorora, Mvumo, uye Kudzora Kemikari (REACH) inotonga kushandiswa kwemakemikari kuve nechokwadi chehutano hwevanhu uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Vagadziri vematoyi vanofanirwa kunyoresa chero makemikari anoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvavo uye nekupa ruzivo rwakadzama nezvekushandisa kwakachengeteka.
Zvinodiwa Nenyika:
Kunyange iyo yekumaka yeEC uye kutevedzera EU-yakafara zviyero zvakakosha, vanotengesa matoyi kunze kwenyika vanofanirwa kuziva nezvemitemo yakanangana nenyika mukati meEurope. Semuenzaniso, Germany ine zvimwe zvinodiwa zvinozivikanwa se "German Toy Ordinance" (Spielzeugverordnung), iyo inosanganisira tsananguro dzakasimba dzekuti chii chinoumba chitoyi uye inoisa mamwe manyorerwo anodikanwa. Saizvozvo, France inoraira iyo "RGPH note" yezvigadzirwa zvinoenderana neFrench veruzhinji hutano mitemo.
Labeling uye Packaging:
Kunyora kwakaringana uye kurongedza kwakajeka kwakakosha kune matoyi anopinda mumusika weEU. Vagadziri vanofanirwa kuratidza zvakajeka mucherechedzo weEC, kupa ruzivo nezve mugadziri kana mutengesi, uye kusanganisira yambiro uye kurudziro yezera pazvinenge zvichidikanwa. Kurongedza hakufanirwe kutsausa vatengi nezve zviri mukati mechigadzirwa kana njodzi dziripo dzekudzipwa.
Sherufu-Hupenyu uye Recall Matanho:
Vatengesi vematoyi kunze kwenyika vanofanirwawo kumisa nzira dzakajeka dzekutarisa sherufu-hupenyu hwezvigadzirwa zvavo uye kuita zvekuyeuka kana nyaya dzekuchengetedza dzikamuka. Iyo Rapid Alert System yeZvisina-Chikafu Zvigadzirwa (RAPEX) inobvumira nhengo dzeEU kukurumidza kugovana ruzivo nezve njodzi dzinoonekwa mune zvigadzirwa, kufambisa chiito chekukurumidza kuchengetedza vatengi.
Mhedziso:
Mukupedzisa, kufambisa mamiriro akaoma ezvitupa uye zvinodiwa zvekuendesa matoyi evana kuEurope kunoda kushinga, kugadzirira, uye kuzvipira kuzadzisa kuchengetedzwa kwakasimba uye zvakatipoteredza. Nekunzwisisa nekutevedzera iyi mirau, vagadziri vematoyi vanogona kubudirira kutyora mahombekombe eEurope, vachiona kuti zvigadzirwa zvavo hazvingofadze vana mukondinendi yese asi zvakare zvinosimudzira mwero wepamusoro wekuchengetedza nemhando. Sezvo indasitiri yematoyi yepasirese iri kuramba ichishanduka, kugara uchivandudzwa pamirau iyi kucharamba iri basa rakakosha kune chero bhizinesi riri kutsvaga kuita chiratidzo mumusika weEurope.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-01-2024
