Indasitiri yematoyi, chikamu chine mukurumbira nehunyanzvi hwayo uye hutsinye, inotarisana neyakaomesesa seti yemirau uye zviyero kana zvasvika pakutumira zvigadzirwa kuUnited States. Nezvinodiwa zvakaomesesa zvakagadzirirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye mhando yematoyi, vagadziri vari kutsvaga kupinda mumusika uyu unobhadhara vanofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwakakwana mune zvinodiwa uye zvitupa. Ichi chinyorwa chine chinangwa chekutungamira mabhizinesi kuburikidza neakakosha kutevedza uye maitiro anofanirwa kusangana kuti abudirire kutumira matoyi kuUS.
Kumberi kwezvinodikanwa izvi ndiko kutevedzera Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) nhungamiro. CPSC isangano remubatanidzwa rine mutoro wekuchengetedza veruzhinji kubva kunjodzi dzisina musoro dzekukuvara kana kufa dzine chekuita nezvigadzirwa zvevatengi. Zvematoyi, izvi zvinoreva kusangana nemiyedzo yakaoma uye yekuisa mazita sezvakatsanangurwa muConsumer Product Safety Act.
Imwe yeakanyanya kuomesesa zviyero ndeye phthalate content restriction, iyo inomisa kushandiswa kwemamwe makemikari mumapurasitiki kudzivirira vana kubva kunjodzi dzehutano. Pamusoro pezvo, matoyi haafanire kunge aine njodzi yemutobvu, uye ari pasi pekuyedzwa kwakasimba kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti anosangana nemaitiro aya.
Kupfuura kuchengetedzwa kwemakemikari, matoyi akagadzirirwa musika weUS anofanirwawo kutevedzera akasimba emuviri uye mekiniki kuchengetedza zviyero. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuona kuti matoyi akagadzirirwa kudzivirira tsaona dzakadai sokukachidzwa, mabrasions, kukuvara kwepamhepo nezvimwe. Vagadziri vematoyi vanofanirwa kuratidza kuti zvigadzirwa zvavo zvinoedzwa zvakasimba mumarabhoritari ane certified kuti zvizadzise zviyero izvi.
Chimwe chakakosha chinodiwa kune vanotengesa matoyi kunze kwenyika kuUS kutevedzera mirairo yenyika-ye-yekutanga yekunyora (COOL). Aya anoraira izvozvo
zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvinoratidza nyika yazvakabva pakaputirwa kana chigadzirwa pachacho, zvichipa pachena kune vatengi nezve kwavanotenga.
Pamusoro pazvo, pane chinodiwa cheChild Safety Warning Label, chinozivisa vabereki nevachengeti nezvenjodzi dzipi nedzipi dzingangove dzakabatana nechitoyi uye chinopa mamakisi ezera anokurudzirwa. Matoyi anonangidzirwa kuvana vari pasi pemakore matatu okukura, somuenzaniso, anofanira kuva nechiratidzo cheyambiro kana mativi maduku kana kuti zvimwe zvinetso zvechengeteko zviripo.
Kufambisa kupinda kwematoyi muUS, vanotengesa kunze vanofanirwa kuwana chitupa cheGeneralized System of Preferences (GSP), chinobvumira zvimwe zvigadzirwa kubva kunyika dzakakodzera kupinda muUS zvisingabhadharisi. Chirongwa ichi chakanangana nekusimudzira kusimukira kwehupfumi munyika dzichiri kusimukira uku tichiona kuti zvigadzirwa zvinosangana nematanho chaiwo, zvinosanganisira zvakatipoteredza nemabasa.
Zvichienderana nerudzi rwetoyi, zvimwe zvitupa zvinogona kudiwa. Matoyi emagetsi, semuenzaniso, anofanirwa kusangana neFederal Communications Commission (FCC) mirau kuti ive nechokwadi chekuenderana kwemagetsi uye redhiyo frequency kukanganiswa mipimo. Matoyi anofambiswa nebhatiri anofanirwa kutevedzera mirau yakadzikwa neUnited States Environmental Protection Agency ine chekuita nekuraswa kwebhatiri uye zvemukati mecury.
Pamberi pemitemo, matoyi anotumirwa kuUS zvakare ari pasi pekuongororwa neUS Customs uye Border Dziviriro (CBP). Maitiro aya anosanganisira kuona kuti zvigadzirwa zvinopinda munyika zvinosangana nemitemo nemirau yese inoshanda, kusanganisira iyo ine chekuita nekuchengetedza, kugadzira, uye kunyora mazita.
Panyaya yevimbiso yemhando, kuwana ISO 9001 certification, iyo inopupurira kugona kwekambani kugara ichipa zvigadzirwa zvinosangana nevatengi uye zvinotarisirwa zvinodiwa, zvinobatsira zvakanyanya. Kunyange zvisiri nguva dzose zvinosungirwa kutengesa matoyi kunze kwenyika, iyi chiyero chinozivikanwa pasi rose chinoratidza kuzvipira kune mhando uye inogona kushanda semakwikwi mumusika.
Kune makambani matsva kutumira kunze kwenyika, maitiro anogona kuita seanoomesera. Nekudaro, zviwanikwa zvakawanda zviripo kubatsira vagadziri mukufambisa izvi zvinodiwa. Masangano ekutengeserana akaita seToy Association uye mafemu ekubvunzurudza anopa gwara rekuteedzera, bvunzo dzeprotocol, uye maitiro ekupa zvitupa.
Mukupedzisa, kuendesa matoyi kuUS ibasa rakadzorwa zvakanyanya rinoda kugadzirira kwakakura uye kutevedzera kune akawanda mwero. Kubva kuCPSC kutevedzera uye COOL mirau kuenda kuGSP certification uye nekupfuura, vagadziri vematoyi vanofanirwa kufamba munzvimbo yakaoma kuti vaone kuti zvigadzirwa zvavo zvinotenderwa zviri pamutemo kupinda mumusika. Nekunzwisisa nekuita izvi zvinodiwa, makambani anogona kuzvimisa kuti abudirire mumakwikwi uye anoda US toy musika.
Sezvo kutengeserana kwepasirese kuri kuramba kuchishanduka, ndizvo zvinoitawo zviyero zvinotungamira. Kune vanogadzira matoyi, kuramba wakatarisana neshanduko idzi haungori chinodikanwa chepamutemo asi zano rakakosha rekuvaka kuvimbana nevatengi vekuAmerica uye nekuona kuchengetedzwa kwechizvarwa chinotevera.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-11-2024
