Intshayelelo:
Kwimarike yehlabathi, izinto zokudlala zabantwana aziyonto nje yokonwabisa kodwa zikwangumsebenzi obalulekileyo ohlanganisa inkcubeko noqoqosho. Kubavelisi abafuna ukwandisa ukufikelela kwabo, ukuthumela ngaphandle kwi-European Union (EU) kunika amathuba amaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, uhambo olusuka kumgca wemveliso ukuya kwigumbi lokudlala luzaliswe yimimiselo kunye neemfuno ezenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, ukuzinza kwendalo, kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemithetho ekhusela impilo-ntle yabantwana. Eli nqaku lisebenza njengesikhokelo esibanzi esichaza izatifikethi ezibalulekileyo kunye nemigangatho ekufuneka abathengisi bangaphandle bethoyi bahlangane ukuze bangene ngempumelelo kwimarike yaseYurophu.
ImiGangatho yoKhuseleko kunye neZiqinisekiso:
Isiseko somgaqo waseYurophu wezinto zokudlala zabantwana lukhuseleko. Umyalelo ophambili olawula ukhuseleko lwethoyi kwi-EU iphela nguMgaqo woKhuseleko lweToy, ehlaziywayo ngoku ukuze ihambelane nenguqulelo yamva nje ka-2009/48/EC. Ngaphantsi kwalo myalelo, iithoyi kufuneka zibambelele kumzimba ongqongqo, oomatshini, ukuxhathisa amadangatye, kunye nemigangatho yokhuseleko lweekhemikhali. Abathengisi bangaphandle mabaqinisekise ukuba iimveliso zabo zinophawu lweCE, olubonisa ukuthotyelwa kwale miyalelo.
Elinye lawona manyathelo abaluleke kakhulu ekufumaneni uphawu lwe-CE lubandakanya uvavanyo lokuthobelana liZiko elaziwayo elivunyiweyo. Le nkqubo ifuna uvavanyo olungqongqo olunokubandakanya:
- Uvavanyo loMzimba kunye noomatshini: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iithoyi azikho kwiingozi ezinje ngencam ebukhali, iindawo ezincinci ezibeka umngcipheko wokuminxa, kunye neeprojekthi ezinokuba yingozi.
- Iimvavanyo zokutsha: Amathoyizi kufuneka ahlangabezane nemigangatho yokutsha ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokutsha okanye imililo.
- Uvavanyo loKhuseleko lweMichiza: Imiqathango engqongqo ekusetyenzisweni kwezinto eziyingozi njengelothe, iiplastiki ezithile zeplastiki, kunye neentsimbi ezinzima ziyanyanzeliswa ukukhusela impilo yabantwana.
Imithetho yokusingqongileyo:
Ukongeza kwiinkxalabo zokhuseleko, imimiselo yokusingqongileyo idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwishishini lokudlala. I-EU's Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive imisela imiqathango ekusetyenzisweni kwezinto ezintandathu eziyingozi kwizixhobo zombane nezombane, kuquka izinto zokudlala eziqulathe amacandelo ombane. Ngaphezu koko, uBhaliso, uVavanyo, uGunyaziso, kunye nokuThintelwa kwemichiza (REACH) ilawula ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ukuqinisekisa impilo yabantu kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo. Abavelisi bezinto zokudlala kufuneka babhalise naziphi na iikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kwiimveliso zabo kwaye banike iinkcukacha ezineenkcukacha malunga nokusetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo.
IiMfuno eziNgqongileyo kwilizwe:
Ngelixa ukumakishwa kwe-CE kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko ebanzi ye-EU ibalulekile, abathumeli bezinto zokudlala ngaphandle kufuneka baqaphele imigaqo engqamene nelizwe elithile ngaphakathi eYurophu. Umzekelo, iJamani ineemfuno ezongezelelweyo ezaziwa ngokuba yi "German Toy Ordinance" (Spielzeugverordnung), equka iinkcazo ezingqongqo zokuba yintoni na eyenza into yokudlala kwaye inyanzelise iimfuno zokuleyibheli ezongezelelweyo. Ngokufanayo, iFransi igunyazisa "inqaku le-RGPH" kwiimveliso ezithobela imimiselo yezempilo yoluntu yaseFransi.
Ukuleyibhile kunye nokuPakisha:
Ukuleyibhile okuchanekileyo kunye nokupakishwa okucacileyo kubaluleke kakhulu kwiithoyi ezingena kwimarike ye-EU. Abavelisi kufuneka babonise ngokucacileyo uphawu lwe-CE, banike ulwazi kumvelisi okanye umrhwebi, kwaye babandakanye izilumkiso kunye neengcebiso zobudala apho kuyimfuneko. Ukupakishwa akufuneki kulahlekisa abathengi malunga neziqulatho zemveliso okanye iingozi zokuminxa.
Ubomi beShelufu kunye neeNkqubo zokuKhumbula:
Abathengisi bezinto zokudlala ngaphandle kufuneka baseke iinkqubo ezicacileyo zokubeka iliso kwixesha leshelufu yeemveliso zabo kunye nokuphumeza ukukhumbula ukuba imiba yokhuseleko ivela. Inkqubo yoLumkiso oluKhawulezayo lweeMveliso ezingezizo ukutya (i-RAPEX) ivumela amalungu e-EU ukuba abelane ngokukhawuleza ngolwazi malunga neengozi ezifunyenwe kwiimveliso, ziququzelele inyathelo elikhawulezayo lokukhusela abathengi.
Isiphelo:
Elokuqukumbela, ukujonga ubume obuntsonkothileyo bezatifikethi kunye neemfuno zokuthumela izinto zokudlala zabantwana kumazwe aseYurophu kufuna inkuthalo, ulungiselelo, nokuzinikela ekuhlangabezaneni nemigangatho engqongqo yokhuseleko kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ngokuqonda nokuthobela le migaqo, abavelisi bezinto zokudlala banokulaphula ngempumelelo unxweme lwaseYurophu, beqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zabo azisoneli nje kuphela abantwana kwilizwekazi liphela kodwa ziphakamisa eyona migangatho iphezulu yokhuseleko nomgangatho. Njengoko ishishini lokudlala lehlabathi liqhubeka nokuvela, ukuhlala uhlaziywa kule migaqo kuya kuhlala kungumsebenzi obalulekileyo kulo naliphi na ishishini elifuna ukwenza uphawu kwimarike yaseYurophu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-01-2024
