Isingeniso:
Ezimakethe zomhlaba, amathoyizi ezingane awawona nje umthombo wokuzijabulisa kodwa futhi ayimboni ebalulekile ehlanganisa amasiko nezomnotho. Kubakhiqizi abafuna ukwelula ukufinyelela kwabo, ukuthekelisa ku-European Union (EU) kunikeza amathuba amaningi. Nokho, uhambo olusuka kulayini wokukhiqiza luya endaweni yokudlala lugcwele imithetho nezimfuneko eziklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukusimama kwemvelo, nokuhambisana nemithetho evikela inhlalakahle yezingane. Lesi sihloko sisebenza njengomhlahlandlela obanzi ochaza izitifiketi ezibalulekile kanye namazinga okumele abathengisi bamathoyizi bahlangabezane nawo ukuze bangene ngempumelelo emakethe yaseYurophu.
Amazinga Okuphepha Nezitifiketi:
Isisekelo somthetho waseYurophu wamathoyizi ezingane ukuphepha. Umyalelo ohlanganisa konke obusa ukuphepha kwamathoyizi kuyo yonke i-EU yi-Toy Safety Directive, okwamanje ethola izibuyekezo ukuze ihambisane nenguqulo yakamuva ka-2009/48/EC. Ngaphansi kwalo myalelo, amathoyizi kufanele ahambisane nezindinganiso eziqinile zomzimba, zemishini, zokumelana nelangabi, kanye namazinga okuphepha amakhemikhali. Abathengisi bangaphandle kumele baqinisekise ukuthi imikhiqizo yabo inophawu lwe-CE, okukhombisa ukuhambisana nale miyalelo.
Esinye sezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekutholeni umaki we-CE sibandakanya ukuhlolwa kokuvumelana okwenziwa yi-No Notified Body. Le nqubo idinga ukuhlolwa okuqinile okungase kuhlanganise:
- Izivivinyo Zomzimba Nemishini: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amathoyizi awanazo izingozi ezinjengamachopho abukhali, izingxenye ezincane ezibeka engcupheni yokuklinywa, nama-projectile angaba yingozi.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokuvutha: Amathoyizi kufanele ahlangabezane nezindinganiso zokuvutha ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokusha noma imililo.
- Ukuhlola Ukuphepha Kwamakhemikhali: Imikhawulo eqinile ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto eziyingozi njengomthofu, izinto ezithile zepulasitiki, nezinsimbi ezisindayo ziyasetshenziswa ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yezingane.
Imithetho Yezemvelo:
Ngaphezu kokukhathazeka ngokuphepha, imithetho yezemvelo idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu embonini yamathoyizi. I-EU's Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive ikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziyisithupha eziyingozi ezintweni zikagesi nezikagesi, okuhlanganisa namathoyizi aqukethe izingxenye zikagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ukubhaliswa, Ukuhlola, Ukugunyazwa, kanye Nokuvinjelwa Kwamakhemikhali (REACH) kulawula ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ukuze kuqinisekiswe impilo yabantu kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Abakhiqizi bamathoyizi kufanele babhalise noma imaphi amakhemikhali asetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yabo futhi banikeze imininingwane enemininingwane ngokusetshenziswa okuphephile.
Izidingo eziqondene nezwe:
Yize ukumakwa kwe-CE nokuhambisana namazinga okuphepha e-EU yonkana kubalulekile, abathumeli bamathoyizi kumele futhi baqaphele imithetho eqondene nezwe elithile ngaphakathi kwe-Europe. Isibonelo, i-Germany inezidingo ezengeziwe ezaziwa ngokuthi "I-German Toy Ordinance" (Spielzeugverordnung), ehlanganisa izincazelo eziqinile zalokho okwakha ithoyizi futhi ebeka izimfuneko zokulebula ezengeziwe. Ngokufanayo, i-France igunyaza "inothi le-RGPH" lemikhiqizo ethobela imithetho yezempilo yomphakathi yase-French.
Ukulebula nokupakishwa:
Ukulebula okunembile nokupakishwa okusobala kubalulekile kumathoyizi angena emakethe ye-EU. Abakhiqizi kufanele baveze ngokucacile uphawu lwe-CE, banikeze imininingwane ngomkhiqizi noma ongenisa impahla ngaphandle, futhi bafake izexwayiso nezincomo zeminyaka lapho kunesidingo. Ukupakishwa akufanele kudukise abathengi mayelana nokuqukethwe komkhiqizo noma izingozi zokuminyanisa.
I-Shelf-Life kanye nezinqubo zokukhumbula:
Abathumeli bamathoyizi kumele futhi basungule izinqubo ezicacile zokuqapha impilo yeshalofu yemikhiqizo yabo kanye nokusebenzisa ukukhumbula uma kuphakama izinkinga zokuphepha. I-Rapid Alert System for Non-Food Products (RAPEX) ivumela amalungu e-EU ukuthi abelane ngokushesha ngolwazi olumayelana nezingozi ezitholwe emikhiqizweni, elungiselela isinyathelo esisheshayo sokuvikela abathengi.
Isiphetho:
Sengiphetha, ukuzulazula endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi yezitifiketi kanye nezimfuneko zokuthunyelwa kwamathoyizi ezingane eYurophu kudinga inkuthalo, ukulungiselela, nokuzibophezela ekuhlangabezaneni nezindinganiso eziqinile zokuphepha nezemvelo. Ngokuqonda nokunamathela kule mithetho, abakhiqizi bamathoyizi bangaphula ngempumelelo ugu lwaseYurophu, baqinisekise ukuthi imikhiqizo yabo ayigcini nje ngokujabulisa izingane kulo lonke izwekazi kodwa futhi igcina izindinganiso eziphakeme kakhulu zokuphepha nekhwalithi. Njengoba imboni yamathoyizi yomhlaba iqhubeka nokuvela, ukuhlala unolwazi ngale mithetho kuzohlala kuwumsebenzi obalulekile kunoma yiliphi ibhizinisi elifuna ukwenza uphawu emakethe yaseYurophu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-01-2024
